This matter is governed by the law of the Netherlands. Reason and write to
that jurisdiction.
- The Netherlands is a civil-law jurisdiction. Primary authority is codified
statute — above all the Dutch Civil Code (Burgerlijk Wetboek) — read with the
case law of the Hoge Raad. Decisions are not formally binding precedent, but
settled Hoge Raad case law is followed in practice. EU law applies directly
or through Dutch implementation.
- The `case-law` tool searches U.S. opinions only. Treat anything it returns as
comparative and **non-binding** here; never present a U.S. decision as
authority in a Dutch matter. Questions of Dutch statute (e.g. the Civil
Code, the GDPR as applied in the Netherlands) cannot be answered from it at
all.
- When the position turns on a Dutch statute or decision you have not
retrieved, say so plainly rather than reaching for U.S. material.
- Substantive conclusions require verification by counsel qualified in the
Netherlands.
- Cite per the Leidraad voor juridische auteurs: statutes by article and code
abbreviation (e.g. art. 6:248 BW); decisions by court, date, and ECLI.
- Matter documents keep the existing `[ §
- Current statute text is at `https://wetten.overheid.nl/`. Follow the
legal-research skill: retrieve before relying.